Binge drinking en universitarios: desarrollo de un instrumento basado en TCP
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24265/Palabras clave:
teoría de la conducta planificada, binge drinking, control conductual percibido, normas subjetivas, intención, validaciónResumen
Antecedentes: el consumo excesivo de alcohol (binge drinking) representa un importante problema de salud pública global, particularmente por su elevada prevalencia entre los jóvenes. Objetivo: este estudio examinó la aplicabilidad de la Teoría de la Conducta Planificada (TCP) para explicar el binge drinking en estudiantes universitarios de Lima, Perú, mediante el desarrollo de un instrumento psicométrico basado en creencias. Método: participaron 608 estudiantes de una universidad privada. El cuestionario siguió los lineamientos de Fishbein y Ajzen y estuvo precedido por una fase cualitativa de elicitación de creencias. Se realizaron análisis factoriales exploratorios y un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Resultados: los análisis factoriales respaldaron estructuras unidimensionales para actitudes, creencias normativas y creencias de control, y una estructura bidimensional para creencias conductuales. El modelo estructural mostró un excelente ajuste (CFI = .991, TLI = .989, RMSEA = .045, SRMR = .050). La intención fue el predictor más fuerte de la frecuencia de binge drinking. Las actitudes favorables y las creencias conductuales positivas se asociaron con mayor intención, mientras que el control conductual percibido se relacionó inversamente con la frecuencia. Las normas subjetivas mostraron una relación positiva, aunque de menor magnitud, con la intención. Conclusiones: los resultados respaldan la validez del modelo TCP en la muestra y aportan un instrumento con adecuadas evidencias psicométricas.
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Derechos de autor 2026 David Pascual Olivo Chang, Fiorella Otiniano Campos, Silvana Melisa Romero Saletti, Cecilia Chau Pérez-Aranibar, Ronald Castillo-Blanco, Luz Gabriela Alvarez Saavedra
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