Design and validation of a scale of pragmatic-communicative skills in Mexican children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24265/liberabit.2026.v32n1.1088Palavras-chave:
Assessment, communication skills, educational assessment, psychometrics, infantsResumo
Background: Pragmatic skills are those that enable the
appropriate use of language in accordance with the social context, the interlocutors, and communicative intentions. They are essential for social interaction and learning in childhood. In Mexico, there is limited availability of instruments with solid psychometric evidence for assessing these skills in school-aged children. Aim: To design and validate a psychometric screening instrument to assess pragmatic communicative skills in children aged 5 to 10 years using key informants. Method: A crosssectional instrumental design was employed. A total of 285 informants participated (75.4% female; M = 31.1, SD = 7.8). An exploratory factor analysis was conducted using polychoric correlation matrices, diagonally weighted least squares (DWLS) estimation, and oblique rotation. Results: A three-factor structure was obtained that explained 56.33% of the total variance, with adequate fit indices (CFI = .99; RMSEA = .00) and high internal consistency (ω = .95). Conclusions: The instrument exhibits adequate psychometric properties for use with the Mexican child population in educational and research contexts.
Downloads
Referências
Alduais, A., Al-Qaderi, I., & Alfadda, H. (2022). Pragmatic language development: analysis of mapping knowledge domains on how infants and children become pragmatically competent. Children, 9(9), 1407. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9091407
Ato, M., López-García, J. J., & Benavente, A. (2013). Un sistema de clasificación para diseños de investigación en psicología. Anales de Psicología, 29(3), 1038–1059. https://doi.org/10.6018/analesps.29.3.178511
Baixauli, I., Berenguer, C., Roselló, B., & Colomer, C. (2018). Análisis de habilidades pragmáticas de niños con TEA y niños con TEA y TDAH. European Journal of Child Development, Education and Psychopathology, 6(1), 33–46. https://doi.org/10.30552/ejpad.v6i1.60
Bosco, F. M., Bucciarelli, M., & Bara, B. G. (2004). The fundamental context categories in understanding communicative intention. Journal of Pragmatics, 36(3), 467–488. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-2166(03)00055-9
Bishop, D. V., & McDonald, D. (2009). Identifying language impairment in children: combining language test scores with parental report. International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 44(5), 600–615. https://doi.org/10.1080/13682820802259662
Blume, M., Fernández-Flecha, M., Junyent, A., & Tijero, T. (2019). Proceso de adaptación de los Inventarios de Desarrollo Comunicativo MacArthur-Bates al castellano estándar del Perú. Lexis, 43(2), 369–420. https://dx.doi.org/10.18800/lexis.201902.003
Cekaite, A. (2023). Child pragmatic development. En C. A. Chapelle, N. Taguchi, & D. Kadar (Eds.), The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781405198431.wbeal0127.pub2
Charter, R. A. (2003). A breakdown of reliability coefficients by test type and reliability method, and the clinical implications of low reliability. Journal of General Psychology, 130(3), 290–304. http://doi.org/10.1080/00221300309601160
Clark, E. V. (2017). Conversation and Language Acquisition: A Pragmatic Approach. Language Learning and Development, 14(3), 170–185. https://doi.org/10.1080/15475441.2017.1340843
Corona, H. (2017, abril). Habilidades pragmáticas de niños hispanohablantes mexicanos: resultados y posibles rumbos [Ponencia de congreso]. Rumbos de la Lingüística VII, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México.
Crespo-Eguílaz, N., Magallón, S., Sánchez-Carpintero, R., & Narbona, J. (2016). La adaptación al castellano de la Children’s Communication Checklist permite detectar las dificultades en el uso del lenguaje pragmático y diferenciar subtipos clínicos. Revista de Neurología, 62(Supl. 1), 49–57. https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.62S01.2015526
Ely, R. (2005). Language and literacy in the school years. En J. Berko (Ed.), The Development of Language (6th ed., pp. 395–443). Pearson https://www.pearsonelt.ch/download/media/9780205394142.pdf
Fernández-Urquiza, M., Díaz, F., Moreno, V., Lázaro, M., & Simón, T. (2015). PREP-R: Protocolo Rápido de Evaluación Pragmática Revisado. Universitat de València. https://docta.ucm.es/entities/publication/fb859a35-14e2-48be-a308-c29cce7f02ba
Ferrando, P. J., & Anguiano-Carrasco, C. (2010). El análisis factorial como técnica de investigación en psicología. Papeles del psicólogo, 31(1), 18–33. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/778/77812441003.pdf
Ferrando, P. J., & Lorenzo-Seva, U. (2017). Program FACTOR at 10: Origins, development and future directions. Psicothema, 29(2), 236–240. http://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2016.304
Filgueira, A. C., Casais-e-Silva, L. L., & Pondé, E. (2020). Análise das habilidades pragmáticas de crianças nascidas pré-termo. Audiology – Comunication Research, 25, e2263. https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-6431-2019-2263
Gascón, N., Baixauli, I., & Moret-Tatay, C. (2025). Reliability, validity and developmental sensitivity of the Language Use Inventory (LUI) in the Spanish context. Journal of communication disorders, 113, 106488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2024.106488
Gabbatore I., Bosco F. M., Mäkinen L., Leinonen E., & Loukusa S. (2021). Social-pragmatic contextual comprehension in Italian preschool and school-aged children: A study using the Pragma test. Intercultural Pragmatics, 18(2), 131–162. https://doi.org/10.1515/ip-2021-2001
Gabbatore, I., Dindar, K., Pirinen, V., Vähänikkilä, H., Mämmelä, L., Kotila, A., Bosco, F. M., Leinonen, E., & Loukusa, S. (2023). Silent Finns and talkative Italians? An investigation of communicative differences and similarities as perceived by parents in typically developing children. First Language, 43(3), 313–335 https://doi.org/10.1177/01427237221149310
Gallardo-Paúls, B. (2007). Pragmática para logopedas. Servicio Publicaciones UCA.
Helland, W. A., Aaland, E., Furebotn, K. L., Nilsen, J., Pettersen, H., Roe, A. L., Wathne, A. K. S., & Morken, F. (2024). Investigating pragmatic abilities in 5- to 7-year-old Norwegian children: A study using the Pragma test. First Language, 44(3), 264–281. https://doi.org/10.1177/01427237241239114
Hess, K., Palacios, N., & Hernández, A. (2023). ¿Cómo cae el veinte de las locuciones? Reflexiones metalingüísticas de niños y adolescentes. En Aprendizajes y contexto: la lengua y las matemáticas en la educación básica (pp. 117–137). https://doi.org/10.52501/cc.132
JASP Team. (2022). JASP (Version 0.16.2) [Computer software]. https://jasp-stats.org/
Junquera, C. (2019). Evaluación de las habilidades pragmáticas en educación Infantil mediante el PDP-PI (Protocolo de evaluación de la competencia pragmática en la primera infancia). [Tesis doctoral, Universidad de Salamanca]. Repositorio Institucional GREDOS. http://hdl.handle.net/10366/141048
Ledesma, R., Ferrando, P., & Tosi, G. (2019). Uso del análisis factorial exploratorio en RIDEP. Recomendaciones para autores y revisores. Revista Iberoamericana de Diagnóstico y Evaluación e Avaliação Psicológica (RIDEP), 52(3), 173–180.
López-Bouzas, N., & Moral-Pérez, M. E. (2022). Instrument supported by digital applications to diagnose the communicative competence of students with ASD: design and validation. Innoeduca. International Journal of Technology and Educational Innovation, 8(2), 83–96. https://doi.org/10.24310/innoeduca.2022.v8i2.14264
Lorenzo-Seva, U., Timmerman, M. E., & Kiers, H. A. (2011). The Hull method for selecting the number of common factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 46(2), 340–364. https://doi.org/10.1080/00273171.2011.564527
Matthews, D., Biney, H., & Abbot-Smith, K. (2018). Individual Differences in Children’s Pragmatic Ability: A Review of Associations with Formal Language, Social Cognition, and Executive Functions. Language Learning and Development, 14(3), 186–223. https://doi.org/10.1080/15475441.2018.1455584
Montoya, O. (2007). Aplicación del análisis factorial a la investigación de mercados. Caso de estudio. Scientia Et Technica Año XIII. Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, 35, 281–286. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/849/84903549.pdf
Muñiz, J. (2010). Las teorías de los test: teoría clásica y teoría de respuesta a los ítems. Papeles del Psicólogo, 31(1), 57–66. https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/778/77812441006.pdf
O’Neill, D. K. (2012). Components of pragmatic ability and children’s pragmatic language development. En H.-J. Schmid (Ed.), Cognitive pragmatics (pp. 261–288). De Gruyter Mouton. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110214215.261
Pesco, D., & O'Neill, D. K. (2023). Assessing pragmatics in early childhood with the Language Use Inventory across seven languages. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1169775. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1169775
Prieto, C., Sepúlveda, C., & Soto, G. (2021). Instrumentos de evaluación pragmática y comunicativa en español. Logos (La Serena), 31(1), 3–25. https://doi.org/10.15443/rl3101
Ramos, G. G. (2019). Prevalencia de dificultades pragmáticas en niños de 5 a 6 años en una institución educativa estatal de marzo a septiembre de 2019 [Tesis de licenciatura, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal]. Repositorio institucional de la Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.13084/4549
Secretaría de Educación Pública. (2022). Plan de estudio para la educación preescolar, primaria y secundaria. Secretaría de Educación Pública. https://educacionbasica.sep.gob.mx/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Plan-de-Estudio-ISBN-ELECTRONICO.pdf
Suárez, P., & Vélez, M. (2018). El papel de la familia en el desarrollo social del niño: una mirada desde la afectividad, la comunicación familiar y los estilos de educación parental. Revista Psicoespacios, 12(20), 173–198. https://doi.org/10.25057/issn.2145-2776
Turkstra, L. S., Clark, A., Burgess, S., Hengst, J. A., Wertheimer, J. C., & Paul, D. (2017). Pragmatic communication abilities in children and adults: implications for rehabilitation professionals. Disability and rehabilitation, 39(18), 1872–1885. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638288.2016.1212113
Ventura-León, J. (2019). De regreso a la validez basada en el contenido. Adicciones, 31(4), 323–324. https://doi.org/10.20882/adicciones.1213
Wilson, A. C., & Bishop, D. V. M. (2022). A novel online assessment of pragmatic and core language skills: An attempt to tease apart language domains in children. Journal of Child Language, 49(1), 38–59. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000920000690
Zhanysbekova, S., Nurgali, S., Akbota, S., Gulzira, S., Nursaule, A., & Nurkassym, A. (2024). Enhancing pragmatic competence in language lessons for school children. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(8), 7096-7107. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i8.5306
Downloads
Publicado
Edição
Seção
Licença
Copyright (c) 2026 Omar Mejía Salazar, Jaime Sebastián F. Galán Jiménez, Gabriela Silva Maceda, Guadalupe Rojas Corona, Andrés Palacios Ramírez

Este trabalho está licenciado sob uma licença Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Direitos autorais: Caso o manuscrito seja aprovado para publicação futura, os autores retêm os direitos autorais e atribuem à revista os direitos de publicar, editar, reproduzir, distribuir, exibir e comunicar nacional e internacionalmente nos diversos bancos de dados, repositórios e portais.
Política de auto-arquivamento: O autor pode compartilhar, disseminar e divulgar suas pesquisas publicadas pela mídia (por exemplo, redes sociais acadêmicas, repositórios e portais) disponíveis na web. Durante o processo de revisão editorial, a revista fornecerá ao autor as versões anteriores (pós-impressão) que NÃO devem ser divulgadas por nenhum meio de comunicação, apenas para uso pessoal e para aprovação final. Liberabit, enviará ao autor a versão final do artigo (versão publicada) em PDF e HTML para ser compartilhada, divulgada e divulgada pela mídia disponível na web. Após a publicação dos artigos, os autores podem fazer outros acordos independentes ou adicionais para a divulgação não exclusiva da versão do artigo publicado nesta revista (publicação em livros ou repositórios institucionais), desde que seja indicado com a respectiva referência que a obra foi publicada pela primeira vez nesta revista.

